Artificial Intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence in machines to perform human-like activities, such as decision-making, problem-solving and communication with humans( irrespective of the language) and the like. In simple terms, when machines or computers mimic human actions or behave like a real human being with a human mind, it is artificial intelligence.
Types of AI
There are four types of Artificial Intelligence. They are
- Reactive Machines
- Limited Memory
- Theory of mind
- Self-awareness
1. Reactive Machines
Reactive machines are the most basic types of AI. This basic type of AI is programmed to ‘react’ only to present situations thereby lacking the memory or capable of using past experiences to solve a problem, hence the name ‘reactive’.
Reactive AI machines have no concept of the internal world, meaning they don’t fully understand how a human mind works, instead rely only on the current situation, to react to a particular task. They make moves according to the given present situations thereby remaining monotonous and repetitive.
Classic examples of Reactive AI machines are IBM’s Deep Blue chess-playing supercomputer and Google’s AlphaGo.
IBM’s Deep Blue beat Russian grandmaster Garry Kasparov in the late 90s. Deep Blue was designed in a way that it can identify all the possible moves each piece can have for itself and its opponent. This way it beat the Russian player Garry Kasparov and proved that AI can perform like a human with a real brain.
Similarly, Google's AlphaGo, using the same algorithm, has beaten top human Go experts. This time AlphaGo was programmed with a more sophisticated analytical system using neural network methodology.
The Artificial Intelligence Online Course at FITA Academy is industry-recognized, intends for candidates to obtain expertise in the various aspects of AI.
2. Limited Memory
Limited memory AI machines work on the combination of observational data and pre-programmed data that is fed to them. It means, unlike Reactive machines, Limited Memory makes use of past experiences to react to a given situation.
An example of Limited memory is self-driving cars and autonomous vehicles, which use their past driving experiences to tune their way of driving. These vehicles depend on both their observational skill and their pre-programmed data to gain experimental knowledge while driving.
To be more adaptable to the human world, they are programmed to have an eye on the movements of other vehicles and objects and people in their line of vision. Without the introduction of Limited Memory AI, autonomous vehicles did take a long judgement time to react to their external factors. But after Limited Memory inception, the value of autonomous vehicles has been largely recognized.
3. Theory of Mind
Theory of mind AI is programmed to impart emotional behaviours to machines, which constitutes a real human-like interaction. This AI should learn to use information derived from humans and process it in their learning centres to exhibit a real social interaction with humans.
Though developing of this type of AI machines are underway, a machine exhibiting real human-like emotions is not fully achieved. The major hurdle in developing the theory of mind AI is the inability to include the flow of emotions in them, to be more adaptable to the changing nature of human emotions.
But Kismet and Sophia came very nearby but were not able to accomplish the real social interaction with humans. Researchers are making progress in this field so that the future theory of mind AIs can be a suitable emotional partner to their humans.
4. Self-aware AI
This type of AI is the one that can understand human emotional behaviour as well as human intelligence and also have one of its own.
AI experts are working on their way to build these super-intelligent machines but time will tell, whether we can have one or there will be another fifth type to discuss. AS for now, researchers are concentrating more on Limited Memory and Theory of Mind AIs.
Artificial Intelligence Course in Chennai at FITA Academy is a well-articulated course, exposing students to more practical sessions to attain technical competency and to make them adequate in the software. The other city we provide Artificial Intelligence Training is Bangalore. Students who are located in Bangalore can go to the respective page and find the address given below.
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